This simulation demonstrates the operation of an op-amp–based Schmitt trigger, which converts a noisy or slowly varying input signal into a clean digital square wave. The green waveform represents the input signal with noise and ripple, while the red waveform is the output. Due to positive feedback, the circuit introduces hysteresis, meaning it has two different threshold voltages: an upper threshold for switching the output low-to-high and a lower threshold for switching high-to-low. When the i