In mammals and other eukaryotes most of the genome is transcribed in a developmentally regulated manner to produce large numbers of long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Here we review the rapidly advancing ...

Enzymes help with specific functions that are vital to the operation and overall health of the human body. They help speed up chemical reactions and are essential for respiration, digestion, muscle ...

Liver damage typically progresses through four stages — inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and end stage liver disease (ESLD) — with worsening scarring that reduces liver function. Liver failure can ...

It is not currently possible to determine the precise structure of every protein-coding gene in a complex, eukaryotic genome. However, the past 10 years have seen steady progress in the accuracy and ...