Productive failure has shown positive effects on conceptual and transfer measures, but no clear effects on procedural measures. It is therefore an open question whether, and to what extent, productive ...

Most behavioral learning in biology is trial and error, but how these learning processes are influenced by individual brain systems is poorly understood. Here we show that ventral-to-dorsal ...

Suppose you are studying for a test and, despite knowing the right answer, deliberately make a mistake and subsequently correct it (this is called the derring effect). Might this unusual technique ...