Tests of a proposed friction-factor equation have shown it to be accurate for calculating pressure loss in turbulent flow for a pipeline transporting a non-Newtonian fluid, such as most crude oils and ...

The flow of all fluids, whether liquid or gas, will have one of three states: laminar, turbulent, and transitional. This article discusses flow principles and pressure-based flow measurement. Laminar ...

Testing empirical correlations of the mixing zone between two hydrocarbons transported via pipeline against field experiments of the same can improve engineering calculations used in sizing storage ...

Scientific progress is not usually straightforward. Researchers pursue and abandon lines of inquiry. Results languish. Theories take decades to cohere. But sometimes the accumulation of scientific ...

From Quanta Magazine (find original story here). Spaghetti-thin shoelaces, sturdy hawsers, silk cravats—all are routinely tied in knots. So too, physicists believe, are water, air and the liquid iron ...

Fluids play a crucial role in industrial processes like cooling, heating, and mixing. Traditionally, most industries would utilize Newtonian fluids—which have a constant viscosity—for such processes.